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Sources and review scope

These source notes explain the evidence consulted and its limits. Educational information does not replace individual medical care.

CVI-G

Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS PTS/CVI overview

Overview; Chronic venous insufficiency; Differences between DVT and post-thrombotic syndrome · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

CVI-M

MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Venous insufficiency (A.D.A.M.)

Causes; Symptoms; Exams and Tests · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

CVI-W

West Suffolk NHS Chronic Venous Insufficiency; reference7047-1

PDF pages 1–2: definition, causes and symptoms · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

DVT-S

NHS DVT

Symptoms; Urgent advice; Immediate action required · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

PAD-N

NHLBI What Is PAD?

What Is Peripheral Artery Disease?; lower-extremity scope and early management · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

PE-E

NHS Pulmonary embolism

Symptoms; When and where to get medical help · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

SKIN-E

NHS Cellulitis

Urgent advice; Complications and Immediate action required · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). The displayed publisher date is not the date of this source check. Underlying studies and comparative treatment evidence were not comprehensively appraised.

CVI-CARE

Society for Vascular Surgery: Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Overview; Diagnosis; Treatments · Educational source text checked in the cited sections; this is not a clinical appraisal. Independent clinical review has not yet been completed.

Targeted text checked on 11 November 2026 (UTC). Underlying trials, comparative effectiveness and full disclosures were not comprehensively appraised.